Obedience is an extreme form of conformity, often involving going against one's better judgement or truest intentions. Charles Hofling (1966) changed the obedience study by testing real nurses who were supervising a hospital ward during a night shift. Describe and discuss factors that effect obedience in Psychology. Obedience involves people behaving as they instructed to, while conformity involves people behaving according to group norms. Within obedience, the person is influenced by an authority figure, while conformity involves the person being influenced by the social group. Milgram carried out a number of variations of his original obedience study in order to see how changes to; location, the way the authority figure is dressed, participant personality and proximity can affect the degree of obedience to an ‘authority figure.’ Social Psychology Factors Affecting Obedience (Part 2) 2. These three factors help us understand the concept of conformity. Lots of other researchers have investigated the effects of situational variables on obedience. Psychology homework help Module Chapter 14 Discussion Assignment Details One form of social influence is obedience, which involves “going along with direct commands, usually from someone in a position of authority” (Huffman & Sanderson, 2014, p. 406). Social influence has three areas which are conformity, compliance and obedience. Study Variable The study were use demographic factors such as students’ gender, parents’ education, parents’ occupation and socio economic status. The significance of obedience became more prominent after the Nazi atrocities of World War II. Learn faster with spaced repetition. Obedience dropped to 40%, because the teacher could see the consequences of their actions. Within obedience, the person is influenced by an authority figure, while conformity involves the person being influenced by the social group. These characteristics all affect whether a person is likely to obey or not. This study investigated the effects of four factors (threat, surveillance, sex of child and time) on obedience of children to adult requests. Factors affecting obedience: individual differences and personality. After running these experiments, Milgram and Zimbardo concluded that the following factors affect obedience: Proximity to the authority figure: Proximity indicates physical closeness; the closer the authority figure is, the more obedience is demonstrated. Such as open voting and secret voting. CHAPTER 7 SoCiAl influEnCE: ConfoRmiTy, SoCiAl RolES, And obEdiEnCE 3 Y ou are not alone if you recall middle school and high school as hard chapters in your life. What are the factors that influence obedience? asked Feb 6, 2019 in Psychology by kcmorrison13. Nehemiah led the charge of rebuilding the walls of Jerusalem. By definition, obedience is "a social influence process involving modification of behaviour in response to a command from an authority figure" (Bordens and Horowitz, pp. and empirical related literatures were made mainly on factors influencing academic performance of student. - the proximity of the experimenter, teacher and learner, the location of the study and the presence of uniform were all factors within the situation that influence obedience - this perspective however has been criticised for offering an excuse or ‘alibi’ for evil behaviour
We're more likely to disobey orders when we see others doing the same.
žIf someone has less responsibility in a situation, they will be more likely to obey others who now are responsible for their action. A study done at the Beckman Institute with experimenters in white lab coats and another subject present who does not obey B. Obedience in Action. ADORNO, T. (1950). Uniform is a situational variable affecting obedience. In the 1960s, the social psychologist Stanley Milgram conducted a famous research study called the obedience study. Dispositional Factors Affecting Obedience. Factors Influencing Obedience. The Authoritarian Personality. Gross defines obedience as an outcome of social influence whereby somebody acts in response to an order from another person. Obedience was highest when: Commands were given by an authority figure rather than another volunteer; The experiments were done at a prestigious institution; The authority figure was present in the room with the subject A.
Nursing teams with good peer support (55,6%) have a fair obedience. – The four factors that influence obedience are authenticity and closeness of the authority figure, remoteness (neutrality) of the victim, assignment of responsibility, and representation or imitating others. The causes of crime and thus the factors that affect crime rates are a source of eternal debate. Factors Affecting Obedience in Preschool Children. This request or order brings a change in their behaviour. Description, AO1 — Variations of Milgram’s Study Illustrating the Factors Affecting Obedience Rates. In Milgram’s experiment proximity worked on numerous levels: how close the teacher was to the learner, and how close the teacher was to the experimenter. Lesson Objectives To outline Milgram’s variations and explain how these variations support the situational variable affecting obedience, including: Proximity Location Uniform Specification: Explanations for obedience: agentic state and legitimacy of authority, and situational v Dispositional factors affecting obedience. A-Level Psychology - MILGRAM'S RESEARCH: OBEDIENCE STUDY 1963 (Year 1 Social Influence) This bundle includes FOUR COMPLETE LESSONS including the powerpoint slides and worksheets for ALL FOUR OBEDIENCE LESSONS covered under SOCIAL INFLUENCE topic under the AS/A-level Psychology specification (NEW SPEC). According to research on factors affecting obedience, which of the following scenarios would be most likely to induce obedience? Factors For Increased Obedience. Obedience, in human behavior, is a form of "social influence in which a person yields to explicit instructions or orders from an authority figure". The ability of people to withstand the social pressure to conform to the majority or to obey authority. Blass (1991) argued that Milgram payed too much attention to the situational effects on obedience and not enough to individual differences. Researchers think several factors cause people to carry obedience to extremes: People justify their behavior by assigning responsibility to the authority rather than themselves. People define the behavior that’s expected of them as routine. The topics of conformity, social influence, obedience, and group processes demonstrate the power of the social situation to change our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. After running these experiments, Milgram and Zimbardo concluded that the following factors affect obedience : Proximity to the authority figure: Proximity indicates physical closeness; the closer the authority figure is, the more obedience is demonstrated. Latene’s Social Impact Theory. Isolation. What are the factors that affect obedience? Factors Influencing Obedience. Obedience involves following somebody with social power, where conformity involves people wanting to be accepted. Obedience involves people behaving as they instructed to, while conformity involves people behaving according to group norms. One of the fundamental aspects of social interaction is that some individuals have more influence than others. In another variation, teachers were instructed to apply whatever voltage they desired to incorrect answers. Collective goals. The four factors that influence obedience according to Milgram is; Legitimacy and closeness of the authority figure, remoteness of the victim,assignment of responsibility, and modeling or … Int Arch Med Microbiol 1:002. Minority influence is a type of social influence which results in a change of views amongst the majority of members within a group. Start studying Factors Affecting Obedience and Dissent - Culture. Don't forget to add a conclusion so that you can get into the top band (7-8 marks). SITUATIONAL ARGUMENT • Situational Factors are those present in the social situation that may influence aggressive behaviour 4. an . According to your text, what are the four factors that influence obedience according to Milgram? One form of social influence is obedience, which involves “going along with direct commands, usually from someone in a position of authority” (Huffman & Sanderson, 2014, p. 406). Factors affecting obedience and dissent/resistance to obedience, including… individual differences personality gender (also links to developmental psychology) situation culture (also links to… Legitimate Authority. Poverty and socio-economic conditions Both variations (Meeus and Raajimakers) found similar effects, change in situation lowers obedience ; Variations show less pressure from authority resulted in lower obedience ; Situational factors can't help us understand how some obey and don't even when the situation is the same, so individual differences also play a key role One controversial experiment was performed by Stanley Milgram, who demonstrated that most people would harm and kill less victims with electric shocks if an authority figure told them to. It differs from compliance (which involves changing your behavior at the request of another person) and conformity (which involves altering your behavior in order to go along with the rest of the group). It involves an individual or minority of a population persuading other members to accept their argument, even if this contradicts the more popular view held by the majority. ego-weakness. In considering dispositional factors that may explain why people obey authority, we are concerned with the question of whether or not particular personality types are associated with high and low levels of obedience. Therapy F or Issues With Obedience: Oppositional Defian t Disorder Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a childhood mental health condition that involves anger, defiance, and vindictiveness. žPeople have higher levels of obedience if the authority figure is credible. 1. 289, 2002). Description Adorno felt that personality (i.e. (8 marks) A 8-mark “evaluate” question awards 4 marks for describing factors (AO1) and 4 marks for AO3 (Evaluate). Dispositional Explanation: Authoritarian Personality. Gross defines obedience as an outcome of social influence whereby somebody acts in response to an order from another person. This ability to withstand social pressure is influenced by both … Overview – Social Influence. Informational influence is when we turn to others to obtain and accept information about our reality. The fact that Yale (a trusted and authoritative academic institution) sponsored the study led many participants to believe that the experiment must be safe. To be able to describe factors affecting obedience and dissent/resistance to obedience (AO1) Within obedience, the person is influenced by an authority figure, while conformity involves the person being influenced by the social group. Obedience involves following somebody with social power, where conformity involves people wanting to be accepted. Obedience, in human behavior, is a form of "social influence in which a person yields to explicit instructions or orders from an authority figure". It is assumed that without such an order, the person would not have acted in this way. Blass (2009) also criticised the theory that obedience is higher when orders come from a legitimate authority.
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