Inoculation theory takes the concept of vaccination, where we are exposed to a weak form of a virus in order to build immunity to the real virus, and applies it to knowledge. The study hypothesized that "Two tests of the mechanism of inoculation theory." A three-phase experiment (N = 282) was conducted to examine the We will trace inoculation's development; reconsider some of its assumptions; explore its application in contexts of health, politics, and marketing; and discuss ethics of resistance-based message strategies. Inoculation. Just as medical inoculation boosts immunity to a particular disease by injecting the body with a mild form of it, McGuire’s theory proposed that the … Importantly, inoculation theory was developed well before the rise of the internet and traditionally, research has focused on protecting “cultural … Inoculation theory has been called “the grandparent theory of resistance to attitude change,” 1 but as a colleague and I have argued, “This ‘grandparent theory’ remains spry, and a dormant retirement is not on its horizon.” 2 Inoculation scholarship is witnessing a dynamic resurgence in quantity and quality not seen since William McGuire launched it in 1961. Politics Nation ... A different kind of inoculation. In a medical inoculation, a virus is weakened to the point where it will not make the person sick, but it will trigger protective responses, like antibodies. European Review of Social Psychology: Vol. This course revisits a classic theory of resistance to influence: inoculation. (Previously Covered. To counter their viral misinformation at a time when COVID-19 … “Inoculation theory of resistance to influence at maturity” (pages 97-105, 121-129). Research on the effects of inoculation theory on attitudes has been reinvigorated in the past two decades. The scientific method used to govern much of popular American thinking. “The effects of initial belief level on inoculation theory and its Inoculation theory explains how immunity to counter-attitudinal messages is conferred by preemptively exposing people to weakened doses of challenging information. Which failure should we emulate? Inoculation theory has seen a big change since its creation in the 1960’s. Communication yearbook 29. Josh Compton studies how “inoculating” people against persuasion can make them more resistant to arguments they encounter later. 95–113). A three-phase experiment (N = 282) was conducted to examine the Emerging during the Second World War, inoculation theory concentrated on political persuasion and propaganda campaigns. Pryor & Steinfatt (1978). A In inoculation theory, refutational preemption consists of “specific content that receivers can employ to strengthen attitudes against subsequent change.” Drawing on McGuire & Papageorgis, Pfau, et al. Inoculation theory The diffusion of fake news can be modeled much like the spread of a viral contagion (Budak, Agrawal, and El Abbadi 2011; Kucharski 2016). 1, 2011 doi: 10. Eastern Communication Association, Arlington, VA, United States. In the absence of an effective treatment or vaccine, researchers have pointed out that managing the pandemic response will require leveraging insights from the social and behavioral sciences, particularly wit… Inoculation theory offers an intuitive solution to this problem by offering the possibility of a … "Two tests of the mechanism of inoculation theory." 5 min read. Southern Communication Journal. Research in several domains has shown that attitudinal inoculation effectively promotes resistance to persuasion. Inoculation Theory. Yet, the utility of inoculation theory for communication campaigns may ultimately depend upon the effects inoculation messages have on individuals who are initially opposed or neutral regarding the topic. An inoculation theory check-up: Future directions for inoculation theory-based health campaigns [paper presentation]. Political Psychology, Vol. Inoculation theory works like a metaphorical vaccination, implying that message recipients become “immune” to opposing messages trying to change their attitudes or beliefs about something. These studies indicate that pre-existing attitudes influence how people respond to new information (or misinformation). “The effects of initial belief level on inoculation theory and its Benoit (1991). The answer lies in a branch of psychology dating back to the 1960s known as “inoculation theory”. Inoculation theory of resistance to influence at maturity: Recent progress in theory development and application and suggestions for future research. However, the primary purpose of this investigation was to apply McGuire's inoculation theory to political campaign communication. Contrary to prediction, however, the study found that inoculation confers more resistance among Democrat party loyalists as opposed to Republican party loyalists. Research on the effects of inoculation theory on attitudes has been reinvigorated in the past two decades. Inoculation theory takes the concept of vaccination, where we are exposed to a weak form of a virus in order to build immunity to the real virus, and applies it to knowledge. “Joshua Compton, an expert in inoculation theory at Dartmouth College, pointed to a study that gave anti-smoking messages to young children and found that some effects lasted at least 20 months.” “Compton says the idea is similar to one called inoculation theory. “Inoculation theory of resistance to influence at maturity” (pages 97-105, 121-129). Evergreen Public Schools District 5. Inoculation theory is unique. The study hypothesized that political campaign messages can be designed to inoculate supporters of candidates against the subsequent attack messages of … Whether you’re conservative or liberal, no one wants to be deceived by misleading techniques. Interpersonal Deception Theory. that, during the latter stages of a political campaign featuring known candidates, issue attack messages exert more persuasive impact than character attack messages. We will trace inoculation's development; reconsider some of its assumptions; explore its application in … Inoculation theory is a framework from social psychology that posits that it is possible to pre-emptively confer psychological resistance against (malicious) persuasion attempts (Compton, 2013; McGuire & Papageorgis, 1961). According Back when McGuire first created the theory, it was applied to the “cultural truisms” of society. Inoculation theory has seen a big change since its creation in the 1960’s. The findings from this body of research, however, are somewhat mixed. The theory has been applied in a number of contexts (e.g., politics, health) in its 50+ year history. Annals of the International Communication Association, 29 (1), 97-145. inoculation theory Quick Reference A theory of resistance to persuasion according to which most ordinary attitudes and beliefs are more or less resistant to change through having been exposed to repeated mild attacks. The theory predicts that cultural truisms that most people have never heard being questioned, such as It is a good idea to brush your teeth three times a day if possible, should be more vulnerable … Southern Communication Journal. Print. share. At least one conspiracy theory involving the vaccination of Muslims was certainly real: the 2011 operation to locate and kill Osama bin Laden in Abbottabad started with a … (2011, April). Program pdf *Winner, Top Paper Panel: Applied Communication Division. Nine US prisoners of war, when given the opportunity, elected to remain with their ca… Text size. Inoculation is a powerful and versatile form of science communication that can be used in a number of ways. was to apply McGuire's inoculation theory to political campaign communication. Compton, J., & Pfau, M. (2005). 45. 348-384. The current study addresses this gap in the literature. Tara Westover was not allowed to go to school. McGuire was motivated to study inoculation and persuasion as a result of the aftermath of the Korean War. Countering Misinformation and Fake News Through Inoculation and Prebunking. ... * Politics * Propaganda * Rhetoric * Negotiation * Psychoanalysis * Sales * Sociology * Storytelling * Teaching The findings from this body of research, however, are somewhat mixed. A plethora of experiments have examined inoculation theory in context ranging from politics to health campaigns (for a review, see Compton & Pfau, 2005). The Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review 1(8). London: Lexington Books. A plethora of experiments have examined inoculation theory in context ranging from politics to health campaigns (for a review, see Compton & Pfau, 2005). Putting inoculation into practice. From a topical standpoint, this handbook takes an interdisciplinary approach, covering issues that will be of interest to interpersonal and mass communication … Instead of offering ways to enhance persuasion, inoculation offers resistance to persuasion. Anti-vaccination groups are projected to dominate social media in the next decade if left unchallenged. inoculation theory (see sub-section 2.2.4) would expect that the democratic inoculation would work and strengthen its democratic persistence, but it did not. 32, No. A theory of resistance to persuasion according to which most ordinary attitudes and beliefs are more or less resistant to change through having been exposed to repeated mild attacks. This study finds that the online “fake news” game, Bad News, can confer psychological resistance against common online misinformation strategies (e.g., conspiracy theories, manipulating emotions, political polarization) across different cultures (Sweden, German, Poland, and Greece). Japan Airlines Co. (JAL) has introduced a digital version of COVID-19 vaccine passports to confirm passengers’ vaccination status instead of on a paper document, the first Japanese airline to do so. Inoculation theory of resistance to influence. Dr. Compton is an associate professor of speech at Dartmouth and has written a lot about “inoculation theory,” which began (as a theory) back in the 60s with the work of William McGuire. Similarly, inoculation theory proposes that people can be “inoculated” against misinformation by being exposed to a refuted version of the message beforehand . McGuire (1964) suggested that attitudes could be inoculated against persuasive attacks in much the same way that one's immune system can be inoculated against viral attacks. Since its creation, the uses of inoculation theory have been expanded the areas of health, political, educational, and commercial messaging. We will trace inoculation's development; reconsider some of its assumptions; explore its application in contexts of health, politics, and marketing; and discuss ethics of resistance-based message strategies. Not a new reading.) William McGuire set out to conduct research “on ways of inducing resistance to persuasion, under the impression that while much experimental work was being done on factors that increased persuasive effectiveness, little was being done on ways of producing resistance to persuasion”. Inoculation theory of resistance to influence at maturity: Recent progress in theory development and application and suggestions for future research. inoculation messages can help promote resistance to counterattitudinal attacks. The case selection of Slovakia and Serbia is based on both cause and outcome. 1 1 1 1/j. Inoculation theory explains how immunity to counter-attitudinal messages is conferred by preemptively exposing people to weakened doses of challenging information. Associate Professor of Speech Josh Compton and Daniel Lam '22, Speech Policy Rhetoric special minor, will co-present at this year's Character Assassination and Reputation Politics (CARP) Conference.Held virtually from September 24-26, 2021, CARP will host presenters who approach character assassination and cancel culture from a variety of disciplinary and … Pryor & Steinfatt (1978). Although a large body of research on inoculation theory has demonstrated its efficacy[57] in a variety of applied con-texts, most notably in the areas of health[58] and political cam-paigning,[59] inoculation theory has not been tested in the context of climate change. The Second Edition of The SAGE Handbook of Persuasion: Developments in Theory and Practice provides readers with logical, comprehensive summaries of research in a wide range of areas related to persuasion. Incumbent Ginny Gronwoldt defeated Amanda Breck to win the District 5 spot, with 62.29 percent of voters showing support for Gronwoldt. At the core of inoculation theory (McGuire, 1961a,b) is a biological metaphor.McGuire suggested that attitudes could be inoculated against persuasive attacks in much the same way that one's immune system can be inoculated against viral attacks.In medical immunization, weakened forms of viruses are injected into the … to help citizens navigate credible, biased, and false information. Moreover, the misinformation was neutralized across the political spectrum. 2, pp. Instead of offering ways to enhance persuasion, inoculation offers resistance to persuasion. Moreover, prior inoculation theory We will trace inoculation's development; reconsider some of its assumptions; explore its application in contexts of health, politics, and marketing; and discuss ethics of resistance-based message strategies. Back when McGuire first created the theory, it was applied to the “cultural truisms” of society. At the core of inoculation theory (McGuire, 1961a,b) is a biological metaphor. 32, No. Breaking Harmony Square: A game that "inoculates" against political misinformation. Inoculation theory takes the concept of vaccination, where we are exposed to a weak form of a virus in order to build immunity to the real virus, and applies it to knowledge. Interpersonal Expectancy Effect. That … This is a fitting analogy, because “fake news” can spread much like a virus (Kucharski, 2016; Vosoughi et al., 2018). Inoculation theory of resistance to influence. Roozenbeek, J., van der Linden, S., & Nygren, T. (2020). In J. C. Baumgartner & A. • Drawing from inoculation theory, like-minded news polarized attitudes, and watching a combination of like-minded and mainstream news coverage did little to reduce polarization. Yet, the utility of inoculation theory for communication campaigns may ultimately depend upon the effects inoculation messages have on individuals who are initially opposed or neutral regarding the topic. Inoculation theory reminds us that prolepsis can be a great way of reinforcing existing attitudes, but it may not be the best rhetorical tool for shifting them. A ... Critical race theory and Marxism. On January 31, 2014, the U.S. Department of State released its “Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement for the Keystone XL Project.” Communication yearbook 29. It suggests that if one sends out messages with weak counterarguments, an individual can build immunity to those messages and strengthen their original attitudes. B. Becker (Eds. (Previously Covered. Inoculation theory is unique. Not a new reading.) His research explores image at two distinct points: before an image attack (inoculation theory) and after an image attack (image repair theory), with special attention to the contexts of health, sport, and political humor. (2021). Benoit (1991). Inoculation theory is unique. tweet. The latest 'inoculation theory' by van der Linden and colleagues provides a type of vaccination against fake news or various scenarios of propaganda and conflicting information on … Just as vaccines generate antibodies to resist future viruses, inoculation messages … Inoculation theory is unique. Instead of offering ways to enhance persuasion, inoculation offers resistance to persuasion. The theory has been applied in a number of contexts (e.g., politics, health) in its 50+ year history. The theory of psychological inoculation takes the historic practice of vaccination in medicine into the realm of resistance to persuasion (McGuire, 1964). Compton, J. (Josh Compton is Associate Professor in the Institute for Writing and Rhetoric at Dartmouth College. Despite its proven efficacy, inoculation has not been empirically tested as a strategy for preventing the adoption of beliefs and attitudes consistent with violent extremist ideologies. The results of this investigation extend the scope of inoculation theory to new domain, and at the same time, suggest a new strategic approach for candidates in political campaigns. Indecision 1940: Gracie Allen’s (1940) and Stephen Colbert’s inoculation messages can help promote resistance to counterattitudinal attacks. Therefore, the second research question of the thesis is: Why was democratic inoculation ineffective in Serbia? Inoculation theory is a social psychological / communication theory that explains how an attitude or belief can be protected against persuasion or influence in much the same way a body can be protected against disease–for example, through pre-exposure to weakened versions of a stronger, future threat.
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